The Lower Eastern Times Opening The Third Eye
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By: Abdihakim Siyad
Somalia is undergoing a significant transformation in its political landscape, driven by President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud’s push for universal suffrage and the recent recognition of the SSC-Khaatumo administration in Las Anod.
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These parallel developments mark a crucial turning point in Somalia’s pursuit of democratic governance and national unity.
Reviving Universal Suffrage: A Historic Shift
For the first time since 1969, Somalia is moving toward a one-person, one-vote electoral system. In August 2024, the Somali cabinet approved legislation aiming to reintroduce direct elections by 2026, replacing the longstanding clan-based indirect system. President Mohamud, who came to power in May 2022, has consistently championed this shift, asserting that direct voting is vital for restoring citizen confidence and enhancing Somalia’s global standing.
The electoral roadmap outlines local, regional, and municipal elections in June 2025, followed by parliamentary and presidential elections in September 2025. Yet, challenges loom large—especially concerning infrastructure, logistics, and security threats from militant groups such as al-Shabaab.
Federal Pushback: Discontent in Puntland and Jubaland
Despite the federal government’s resolve, its electoral plans face resistance from regional administrations like Puntland and Jubaland. These states have raised alarms over perceived power centralization and insufficient consultation. Puntland, in a notable move, has withdrawn recognition of federal institutions, citing constitutional breaches and unilateral actions by the central government.
This friction highlights the fragile balance between Somalia’s federal authorities and the autonomy of its regions.
A Call for National Dialogue: Eid Message for Unity
In his Eid al-Fitr speech on March 29, 2025, President Mohamud called for a National Unity Forum, inviting political opponents, community leaders, and former officials to participate. He emphasized that broad-based dialogue is essential for tackling extremism and reinforcing Somalia’s federal democracy.
“I am extending an open invitation to politicians and community leaders so that their perspectives and contributions can be part of the fight against extremist militants and the establishment of a democratic, federal system governed by our constitution and laws,” he said.
This appeal has garnered backing from influential figures, including former President Mohamed Abdullahi Farmaajo and ex-Prime Ministers Mohamed Hussein Roble and Abdi Farah Shirdon.
The Las Anod Issue and Recognition of SSC-Khaatumo
In October 2023, the Somali federal government officially recognized the SSC-Khaatumo administration, based in Las Anod and covering parts of the Sool, Sanaag, and Cayn regions. This came after Somaliland forces were driven out of the area amid ongoing clashes.
Somaliland, which has claimed independence and operated autonomously since 1991, strongly objected to the recognition, accusing Mogadishu of infringing on its sovereignty and exacerbating regional instability.
During a state visit to SSC-Khaatumo this week, Prime Minister Hamze Abdi Barre announced the formal establishment of a regional administration in Las Anod. He confirmed that the Somali federal government now considers SSC-Khaatumo a federal member state.
Charting the Way Forward
Somalia’s progress toward democratic governance and national reconciliation is promising yet fraught with complexities. The success of universal suffrage depends on inclusive political participation, infrastructure readiness, and sustained security. At the same time, navigating territorial disputes like Las Anod requires diplomatic finesse and sensitivity to regional dynamics.
Ultimately, Somalia’s future hinges on its ability to harmonize federal aspirations with regional realities—an endeavor central to achieving lasting peace and democracy.
